Ammonium Chloride - Guide

Ammonium Chloride Non-Caking Grade used in manufacture of Dry Cells/Batteries.

We also offer Ammonium Chloride IP, Ammonium Chloride BP, Ammonium Chloride USP or Extra Pure made at our FDA
 approved world class plant Anmol Chemicals an ISO-9001-2008 Certified Company using standard GMP techniques  

Ammonium Chloride General

INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (NH₄Cl)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT – 53.49

Ammonium Chloride British Pharmacopoeia (B.P.) Grade

Ammonium Chloride United States Pharmacopoeia (U.S.P.) Grade

Ammonium Chloride Bars or Bricks of 500gm each & 100gm Tablet.

Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) Bars or Bricks & Tablets also Sal Ammoniac, Salmiac, Salmiak, Nushadir Salt, Navsagar, Zalmiak, Sal Armagnac, Sal Armoniac, Salmiakki, Salamaka, Salmiak and Salt Armoniack

     

 

Ammonium Chloride – General Information

Ammonium chloride
IUPAC name	Ammonium chloride
Identifiers
CAS number	[12125-02-9]
Properties
Molecular formula	NH4Cl
Molar mass	53.49 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Density	1.527 g/cm3
Melting point	338 °C (sublimes)
Solubility in water	29.7 g/100 g water at 0 °C

NH₄Cl (also Sal Ammoniac, Salmiac, Salmiak, Nushadir Salt, Navsagar, Navsar, Nausagar, Nausar, Zalmiak, Sal Armagnac, Sal Armoniac, Salmiakki, Salamaka, Salmiak and Salt Armoniack) is, in its pure form, a clear white water-soluble crystalline salt of ammonia. The aqueous ammonium chloride solution is mildly acidic. Sal ammoniac is a name of natural, mineralogical form of Ammonium chloride.

Sources

In nature, the substance occurs in volcanic regions, forming on volcanic rocks near fume-releasing vents. The crystals deposit directly from the gaseous state, and tend to be short-lived, as they dissolve easily in water.

It is prepared commercially by reacting ammonia (NH3) with hydrogen chloride (HCl):

NH₃ + HCl → NH4Cl

 

It is also available as a bye-product of Soda Ash Plant and some other chemical processes.

It is also found in volcanoes and deep underground.

It sublimes readily but this process involves dissociation into ammonia and hydrochloric acid followed by reforming of the compound.

NH₄Cl → NH₃ + HCl

Zinc ammonium chloride is commonly known as flux, and is used for galvanizing steel. It is 60% ammonium chloride and 40% zinc chloride in it. For a good write up of Zinc Ammonium Chloride one may visit Zinc Ammo. Cloride Flux

Applications

Ammonium Chloride Uses

Ammonium chloride is sold in blocks ( bars or briquettes ) at hardware stores for use in cleaning the tip of a soldering iron and can also be included in solder as flux. A principal use of ammonium chloride has been as a fluxing agent for hot dip galvanizing of steel and in the refining of zinc. It provides fluxing action by reacting with molten zinc to form a stable melt containing zinc chloride and ammonium chloride.

It is used as it is or in compound fertilizer. It has higher concentration of  Nitrogen than ammonium sulphate. Nitrification is less rapid than in urea or ammonium sulphate and this means N losses are lower. Although it is better known as rice fertilizer, it has been tested and used on other crops like wheat, barley, sugarcane, maize, fiber crops etc. Of particular note is the use of this fertilizer on palms; increasing the yield of Copra per tree.

Other uses of Ammonium chloride include a feed supplement for cattle, in hair shampoo, in textile printing, in the glue that bonds plywood, as an ingredient in nutritive media for yeast, in cleaning products, and as cough medicine. Its expectorant action is caused by irritating action on the bronchial mucosa. This causes the production of excess respiratory tract fluid which presumably is easier to cough up. It is also used in an oral acid loading test to diagnose distal renal tubular acidosis.

It is used in snow treatment, namely on ski slopes at temperatures above 0 °C, to harden the snow and slow its melting.

Found in nature and also produced industrially, ammonium chloride has other important uses too. These include lowering the melting temperatures of certain metals for manufacturing processes, and as a fertilizer, anti-caking agent and ingredient in personal care products and pharmaceuticals

In several countries NH4Cl is used to spice up liquorices-type dark candies (Finland's Salmiakki, Sweden's Lakrisal, the Netherlands' Zoute drop and the Danish Dracula Piller are popular examples), and as a flavouring for vodkas.

Other uses include electrolyte for plating baths and/or batteries; fertilizer, personal care product formulations, pharmaceuticals etc.

Ammonium chloride is used as an expectorant, diuretic and systemic acidifying agent. It is used in the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis, to maintain the urine at an acid pH in the treatment of some urinary-tract disorders or in forced acid diuresis.

Ammonium salts are an irritant to the gastric mucosa and may induce nausea and vomiting.

Electroplating Use: These days, there are three primary types of acid zinc plating baths: straight ammonium chloride, straight potassium chloride and mixed NH4Cl/KCl. Acid zinc plating systems have several advantages over alkaline cyanide and alkaline non-cyanide zinc plating systems except that in acid zinc plating, the electrolyte is extremely corrosive.

Ammonium chloride zinc plating: The ammonium chloride bath is the most forgiving of the three major types of acid zinc plating because of its wide operating parameters. The primary drawback of this system is the high level of ammonia, which can cause problems in wastewater treatment. Ammonia acts as a chelator, and if the rinse waters are not segregated from other waste streams, removal of metals to acceptable levels using standard water treatment practices can be difficult and expensive. Ammonia is also regulated in many communities.

Dry Cell  or Batteries: Ammonium chloride  is a component of dry cell batteries, little storehouses of energy that power so many of our electrical devices. Batteries permit us to use electricity even when we are far from an electrical point. With battery power we can have music while we jog down the street, light while we camp on a moonless night, and the convenience and accuracy of a pocket calculator.

Galvanizing, Soldering and Tinning Fluxes:  Ammonium chloride is used in fluxes for galvanizing, soldering and tinning. Its ability to remove oxides and salts from metal surfaces insures good metal to metal bonding. It has the ability to attack metal oxides. This reaction is relevant to the utility of Ammonium chloride as a flux for soldering - it dissolves oxide coatings exposing the clean metal surface.

Ammonium Chloride - Clinical Pharmacology

For more information on Ammonium chloride for use in pharmacology please visit NH4Cl in Drugs For procurement please visit Ammonium Chloride Manufacturer.

 

For exhaustive information on the subject please visit University of Ammonium Chloride

 

More from Ammonium Chloride manufacturer at:
MUBY CHEMICALS
S-8, SARIFA MANSION, 2ND FLANK ROAD, CHINCHBUNDER, MUMBAI 400009, INDIA.
TEL: (OFFICE) 91-22-23770100, 23774610, 23726950, 23723564. FAX: 91-22-23728264.

E-mail: info@mubychem.com

Cell Call to Anmol: +91-9821870100 or Ambrish: +91-9821570100
 

                 

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Last updated: 04 February, 2010.

Pharmaceuticals & Food Additives, IP BP USP ACS Analytical reagent Grades of Chemicals:    

Activate Charcoal BP USP IP Activated Carbon FCC        Ammonium Chloride    Ammonium Sulfate     Calcium Carbonate

Calcium Chloride    Calcium Hydroxide    Calcium Oxide        Calcium Stearate     Calcium Sulfate     Chromic Chloride

Citric Acid        Magnesium Carbonate        Magnesium Chloride        Magnesium Stearate     Magnesium Sulfate

Manganese Chloride    Manganese Sulfate    Potassium Bromide    Potassium Carbonate    Potassium Chloride

Potassium Permanganate    Sodium Acetate    Sodium Benzoate    Sodium Bicarbonate     Sodium Carbonate

Sodium Chloride    Sodium Hydroxide        Sodium Metabisulfite     Sodium Nitrite    Sodium Phosphate

Sodium Propionate     Sodium Stearate    Sodium Sulfate         Sodium Sulfite    Sodium Thiosulfate

Starch     Titanium Dioxide    Urea     Zinc Acetate    Zinc Carbonate

Zinc Chloride     Zinc Stearate     Zinc Sulfate